10 Times Table: Chart, Tricks & Practice for Kids

Quick answer

The 10 times table is 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120. Multiplying by 10 turns ones into tens: 10 × 7 is 7 tens, which is 70. That's why every answer ends in 0. Kids often learn it as “add a zero,” but “each one becomes a ten” works better later on. The 10s are one of the first tables to learn.

The 10 times table chart

Here's the full table. Read the third column out loud with your child: “ten times seven is seven tens.” Hearing the place value in the answer is what makes this table click.

The 10 times table, from 10 × 1 to 10 × 12
Fact	Answer	In tens
10 × 1	10	1 ten
10 × 2	20	2 tens
10 × 3	30	3 tens
10 × 4	40	4 tens
10 × 5	50	5 tens
10 × 6	60	6 tens
10 × 7	70	7 tens
10 × 8	80	8 tens
10 × 9	90	9 tens
10 × 10	100	10 tens
10 × 11	110	11 tens
10 × 12	120	12 tens

10 × 110
10 × 220
10 × 330
10 × 440
10 × 550
10 × 660
10 × 770
10 × 880
10 × 990
10 × 10100
10 × 11110
10 × 12120

Counting by 10s: every answer ends in 0.

Why every answer ends in 0

10 × 6 = 60: 6 groups of ten is 6 tens, and 6 tens is written 60, with a 6 in the tens place and nothing left over in the ones place. That empty ones place is the 0.

6 groups of 10 make 6 tens: 60

Base-ten blocks, bundles of 10 straws or stacks of dimes make this visible. Ask your child to build 10 × 4 with ten-rods and read the answer straight off the blocks: four tens, forty.

“Just add a zero”? Say it with place value

“Add a zero” gets the right answer for whole numbers, and kids will discover it on their own. The trouble comes later: in 5th grade, 10 × 0.5 is 5, not 0.50, and the “add a zero” rule leads kids astray. A better way to say it: multiplying by 10 moves every digit one place to the left. Ones become tens, and tens become hundreds.

So 10 × 12 isn't “12 with a zero stuck on.” It's 1 ten and 2 ones becoming 1 hundred and 2 tens: 120. In 3rd grade the same idea lets kids multiply by multiples of 10 (3.NBT.A.3): 9 × 80 is 9 × 8 tens, which is 72 tens, or 720.

The 10s are a helper for four other tables

Once the 10s are automatic, they unlock shortcuts for the 5s, 9s, 11s and 12s. Here's what that looks like with 10 × 8 = 80:

Using 10 × 8 = 80 to find other facts
Fact	Shortcut from the 10s	Answer
5 × 8	half of 80	40
9 × 8	80 − 8	72
11 × 8	80 + 8	88
12 × 8	80 + 16	96

That's why the 10s sit at the very start of the learning order, right after the 1s and 2s.

Facts your child already knows from easier tables

Thanks to the turn-around rule, 10 × 2 is the same fact as 2 × 10, so every table your child learned earlier already covers part of the 10s. In our recommended order, the 10s come after the 1s and 2s, so 2 of the 12 facts are already known.

10 × 1 = 10from the 1s
10 × 2 = 20from the 2s
10 × 3 = 30new
10 × 4 = 40new
10 × 5 = 50new
10 × 6 = 60new
10 × 7 = 70new
10 × 8 = 80new
10 × 9 = 90new
10 × 10 = 100new · square
10 × 11 = 110with the 11s
10 × 12 = 120with the 12s

already knownnewonly if your school teaches the 11s and 12s

New in the 10s: 10 × 3 through 10 × 10, plus 10 × 11 = 110 and 10 × 12 = 120 if your child's school teaches the 11s and 12s.

Only two facts come from earlier tables, but the 10s more than make up for it: every later table gets its ×10 fact for free, and the 5s, 9s, 11s and 12s all borrow from it.

Common mistakes with the 10s (and quick fixes)

Adding 10 instead of multiplying. Answering 16 for 10 × 6. Build it with 6 rods of ten.
Too many zeros. Writing 1,000 for 10 × 10. Ten tens make one hundred: 100.
Thinking 10 × 0 is 10. Ten groups of nothing is still nothing: 10 × 0 = 0.
“Add a zero” with decimals, later on. Not a 3rd-grade problem yet, but worth heading off now by talking about place value.

The 10 times table in real life

Tens are the easiest to find: fingers, toes, dimes and the bundles of ten your child uses at school.

A crab has 10 legs (its two claws count as legs). How many legs do 4 crabs have?

4 × 10 = 40 legs.

A dime is worth 10 cents. How much are 8 dimes worth?

8 × 10 = 80 cents.

Six friends hold up all their fingers. How many fingers is that?

6 × 10 = 60 fingers.

Emma has 90 cents, all in dimes. How many dimes does she have?

90 ÷ 10 = 9 dimes.

Tap a story to see the answer. Ask your child to draw a quick picture first: groups, an array or a number line.

10 times table practice

Ten questions, mixed on purpose: some are turned around, and some have a missing number, like 10 × ? = 60. Tap a question to check the answer, and ask your child which trick they used. Finding a missing factor is how third graders start to think about division (3.OA.A.4).

10 × 4 = ?
10 × 4 = 40
10 × 7 = ?
10 × 7 = 70
9 × 10 = ?
9 × 10 = 90
10 × ? = 60
10 × 6 = 60
? × 10 = 30
3 × 10 = 30
10 × 12 = ?
10 × 12 = 120
10 × 10 = ?
10 × 10 = 100
10 × ? = 110
10 × 11 = 110
? × 10 = 80
8 × 10 = 80
5 × 10 = ?
5 × 10 = 50

Division facts for the 10s

Dividing by 10 undoes multiplying by 10: 70 is 7 tens, so 70 ÷ 10 = 7. Each digit moves one place to the right.

10 × 6 = 60
6 × 10 = 60
60 ÷ 6 = 10
60 ÷ 10 = 6

One fact family: two multiplication facts and two division facts

70 ÷ 10 = ?
70 ÷ 10 = 7
120 ÷ 10 = ?
120 ÷ 10 = 12
40 ÷ 10 = ?
40 ÷ 10 = 4
100 ÷ 10 = ?
100 ÷ 10 = 10
60 ÷ 6 = ?
60 ÷ 6 = 10
90 ÷ ? = 9
90 ÷ 10 = 9

Want a printed set? Our times tables worksheets and division facts worksheets come with answer keys.

Frequently asked questions

What is the trick for the 10 times table?

Multiplying by 10 turns each one into a ten: 10 × 7 = 70, because 7 ones become 7 tens. That's why every answer ends in 0. It's fine to notice that you “add a zero,” but explain it with place value so it still makes sense when decimals arrive.

What is 10 times 10?

10 × 10 = 100. Ten tens make one hundred. It's the biggest square fact in the 1–10 tables, in the bottom-right corner of a 10-by-10 multiplication chart.

Why do all the answers in the 10 times table end in zero?

Because 10 times a number is that many tens with no ones left over. Six tens is 60: a 6 in the tens place and a 0 in the ones place.

Is it OK to teach “just add a zero”?

It works for whole numbers, but it causes trouble with decimals later (10 × 0.5 is 5, not 0.50). Teach the reason too: multiplying by 10 moves each digit one place to the left.

What is 10 times 12?

10 × 12 = 120. One ten and 2 ones become 1 hundred and 2 tens.

Which times tables should kids learn first?

Start with 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10. They follow simple rules, and the 10s become a helper for later tables: ×5 is half of ×10, ×9 is ×10 minus one group, and ×11 and ×12 are ×10 plus one or two groups.

Sources

Written by The Mathing Team for parents and teachers. Grade expectations follow the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; your state or school may sequence skills a little differently.